By Camilla Dell for PrimeResi.
Have you ever wondered what London’s property market like back in 2000, compared to now?
Its historic landmarks may still look the same, but since the year 2000 Prime Central London has changed almost beyond recognition, writes Camilla Dell, Managing Partner at Black Brick.
It is bigger, better, costlier, and far more luxurious than we could possibly have imagined back during the countdown to midnight on December 31st, 1999.
The fickle finger of fashion
Prime Central London has never been an officially demarcated location, but rather a shorthand for the best – and most expensive – places to live in the heart of the British capital.
Traditionally PCL was considered to be confined to a handful of key neighbourhoods south and east of Hyde Park. And back in 2000 Knightsbridge was first amongst equals.
But over the years careful curation of once largely-commercial districts has redrawn the map.
Mayfair was once very commercial, but developers came along and bought up unloved or underused buildings – like the old American Embassy on Grosvenor Square – and converted them into very high end, luxurious residential buildings. Simultaneously the Grosvenor Estate was working hard to upgrade Mayfair and Belgravia’s main shopping streets like Mount Street and Elizabeth Street, turning them into charming community hubs with great boutiques and cafes. More recently it has worked the same magic on Eccleston Yards, a former power station now rebooted as a complex of shops, restaurants, gyms, and offices on the border of Belgravia and Victoria, which is drawing in not just shoppers and diners, but buyers.
Knightsbridge, meanwhile, has seen its fortunes fade a little. Areas do go out of fashion; 15 or 20 years ago Knightsbridge was the place to buy a status symbol property, but I think what really lacks is a cohesive masterplan for the area like Grosvenor has for Mayfair and Howard de Walden has for Marylebone.
While Knightsbridge and Kensington, with its chain store dominated High Road and heavy traffic, are no longer objects of desire then Marylebone, once a London backwater known more for the health clinics of Harley Street than anything else, has blossomed into a property swan.
Its landowner, the Howard de Walden Estate, has worked hard to rebrand Marylebone High Street as an eclectic, artisanal destination, with a lovely weekend farmers’ market, great restaurants – including the recently burned-out Chiltern Firehouse which commanded endless column inches and raised Marylebone’s profile – and interesting independent shops.
At the same time developers started investing in prime sites in Marylebone, with new developments like Chiltern Place and The Chilterns, which helped cement its position within PCL. There is actually a waiting list to buy at Chiltern Place, which is exceptional in the current market. It has become extremely desirable.
The cost of doing business
The average price of London’s homes at the turn of the century sound impossibly cheap in today’s context. The average sale price in the capital was just £139,611 according to the Land Registry, while an average property in Kensington & Chelsea traded for under £400,000.
Price growth was rapid and dramatic in the early noughties, largely thanks to the huge influx of overseas buyers rushing into London after the 2008 financial crisis. This exponential growth has since been suppressed by tax increases and the Brexit referendum, the double whammy which stunned the market in 2016.
Nonetheless an average home in Kensington & Chelsea, the borough which contains most of Prime Central London, currently trades for more than £1.4mn, an almost fourfold increase since 2000.
According to the prime London house price analyst LonRes the average price per sq ft of a PCL property was just £580 back in 2000. Today a sq ft of real estate will cost you £1,627.
I don’t think we will see that kind of growth again. There was a point when there was a perfect storm which propelled London’s market to the top of the global league, but that time has passed. I do still think growth is possible, but just not the double digit annual growth we saw then.
There was a point when there was a perfect storm which propelled London’s market to the top of the global league, but that time has passed
Paved with gold
The seismic influence which luxurious new developments can have a local property market are clearly illustrated by changing data on London’s highest priced streets.
20 years ago, in 2005, London’s five most expensive streets were all clustered in a tiny area around the south west corner of Hyde Park according to property portal Mouseprice – and you could buy an average home on any one of them for well under £4.5mn.
Top spot went to Earls’ Terrace (average price: £4.3mn), at the time home to JK Rowling, alongside nearby Victoria Road, both in Kensington (£3.5mn), Ilchester Place, which is on the border of Kensington and Holland Park (£3.2mn), and a duo of squares – Chelsea and Carlyle (£3.9mn and £3.4mn), both between Hyde Park and the King’s Road.
Today, however, London’s property wealth map has been redrawn.
Recent research from Lloyds found that Knightsbridge, largely thanks to the presence of One Hyde Park, is currently London’s most expensive address with an average sale price of more than £21mn. Ilchester Place proves its staying power to hold onto second place (average price: £19.4mn), but Grosvenor Square in Mayfair, with its extraordinary lavish branded residences, and nearby Ashburton Place, which has been elevated by the presence of the super prime Clarges Mayfair building, are now within the top five, along with pretty, slightly bohemian Clarendon Road, north of Hyde Park in Notting Hill.
Changing spaces
Black Brick was founded back in 2007 and over the intervening years the profile and wants of our buyers has changed considerably – and so has their budget.
The off market sale of homes not advertised online was important back in 2007, with 21% of our homes sourced “under the counter”. Today that has increased to over a third because increasing numbers of vendors appreciate the privacy of selling off plan rather than having the whole world know how much their property is worth, and what their kitchen looks like. Above £10mn, as much as 80% of the properties we source for clients today are off market.
Above £10mn, as much as 80% of the properties we source for clients today are off market
In 2007 a quarter of our buyers were looking for an investment property to rent out but so far this year the majority of our clients have been after a home for themselves – as prices have grown compressing yields, taxes and interest rates risen making buy to let investment less attractive in central London. However, this trend may reverse, with a softer sales market rental yields in London are looking more attractive today than they have done in over a decade, so for those looking to diversify their wealth, or with long term plans to occupy the property in the future, buying now and renting the property out is attractive.
Our proportion of British buyers has remained remarkably stable, at about one in four, but in 2007 we were busy with clients from Nigeria, who accounted for almost half of our sales. At that time the economy there was booming, and Nigerians definitely see London as their second home.
This year there is a new breed of international buyer in town – Americans, who have represented almost a third of Black Brick’s clients in 2025.
There is nervousness around the Trump administration, and they are not necessarily relocating but buying boltholes in case they want to move here in the future. The rise of American buyers is equally thanks to an uptick in the nation’s wealth. As of last year the US had 23.8 million millionaires and more than 800 billionaires. People just travel further, go on holiday more, companies have offices in more than one country.
The world has become much more global. And as Americans have become wealthier they have started to think about buying the European home they have always aspired to – and for many Americans, European means London. They love the fact the language is the same, they can hop on a train and be in Paris in three hours, or a plane and be in Rome. Great European cities are accessible. In the US, you hop on a plane for three hours and you are still in the US.
Another big change, and one clearly influenced by the pandemic, has been a switch in the type of property our buyers want – family homes in the leafy suburbs with plenty of space to work from home. In 2007, 83% of our clients went on to purchase an apartment. So far this year, 40% have bought houses.
This change may in turn help explain their increasing budgets. In 2007 Black Brick’s clients spent just under £2mn on their London homes. So far this year they have spent an average £4.1mn.
In 2007 Black Brick’s clients spent just under £2mn on their London homes. So far this year they have spent an average £4.1mn
Line of Duty
Stamp Duty has been around for hundreds of years, but at the start of the 21st century rates were appealingly low. In March 2000 a new banding system came into force with buyers paying 1% on the value of properties valued between £60,000 and £250,000, 3% on the next £250,000 to £500,000, and 4% above that.
Today buyers pay Stamp Duty of up to 12% depending on the value of the property. Second home owners must also pay a 5% surcharge. Overseas buyers also pay a two per cent surcharge, meaning a potential top rate of 19%.
Over the past few weeks there have been rumours of the biggest Stamp Duty shakeup in living memory – a plan to replace the buying tax with a new sales tax could be announced as soon as October’s budget.
Getting rid of Stamp Duty could be a gamechanger for London. The devil will be in the detail of course, but in principle getting rid of Stamp Duty could be a great thing. It has been a disaster, ever since (the former Chancellor of the Exchequer) George Osborne started tinkering with it in 2014. It has reduced the mobility of the whole market.
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